Aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP) y su influencia en el desarrollo de la creatividad, colaboración y resolución de problemas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55204/pcc.v6i1.e161Keywords:
Aprendizaje basado en proyectos, creatividad, colaboración, resolución de problemas, metodologías activasAbstract
El aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP) se ha consolidado como una metodología activa orientada a vincular los contenidos académicos con situaciones auténticas, promoviendo una participación más significativa del estudiante. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia del ABP en el desarrollo de la creatividad, la colaboración y la resolución de problemas a partir de evidencia científica reciente. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo-analítico y documental, mediante la revisión de estudios empíricos, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis publicados principalmente entre 2020 y 2026. Los resultados muestran que el ABP favorece la generación de ideas, el pensamiento divergente, la interacción grupal, la distribución de responsabilidades y la toma de decisiones ante problemas complejos. Asimismo, se identificó que su efectividad depende de factores como la autenticidad de las tareas, la interdisciplinariedad, la autonomía, la mediación docente, la retroalimentación y la metacognición. Se concluye que el ABP constituye una estrategia pertinente para fortalecer competencias cognitivas y sociales de manera integrada, siempre que su implementación esté acompañada por una planificación pedagógica rigurosa, seguimiento docente y oportunidades sistemáticas de reflexión sobre el aprendizaje.
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